Brain decoding aims to reconstruct external stimuli from brain activity, providing insights into the neural representation of cognitive experiences. Music decoding from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is particularly challenging due to the complexity of auditory processing and the temporal limitations of fMRI signals. In this study, we introduce a novel decoding framework that improves the alignment between fMRI activity and latent musical representations extracted using a...

This study proposes an automated approach to radiotherapy treatment planning by integrating a reinforcement-learning-style iterative framework with a multimodal Large Language Model (LLM). We specifically investigate the problem of Beam Angle Optimization, a high-dimensional and non-convex subproblem of Treatment Planning. Our system employs GPT-4V to select candidate beam angles and analyze three-dimensional dose distributions generated by Monte Carlo simulations within the MatRAD environment....

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a powerful tool for studying brain function but presents challenges due to high dimensionality and variability. We propose a self-supervised transformer-based foundation model using a masked autoencoder to learn generalizable representations of fMRI time series. Trained on the Human Connectome Project (HCP) S1200 dataset, the model is evaluated on cognitive task classification and neuroticism prediction using linear, MLP, and ConvLSTM probes under...

Brain metastases (BM), along with primary central nervous system lymphomas and glioblastomas, represent the majority of malignant brain tumors encountered in clinical neuro-oncology, driving a need for advanced imaging techniques and post-processing methods to improve their characterization and treatment monitoring. In particular, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), a cornerstone treatment for BM, delivers high-dose, focused radiation (>20 Gy) to target lesions with minimal impact on surrounding...

Quantifying the volume of distribution (V(T)) in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is widely considered the gold standard for assessing tracer binding. However, this process requires an accurate estimation of the tracer's input function (IF) obtained through arterial sampling and metabolite correction-procedures that are both invasive and technically demanding. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a neural network-based framework for estimating the IF directly from [^(11)C]PBR28 dynamic...